10G Ethernet is still a type of Ethernet.

10G Ethernet was approved by IEEE in July 2002. 10G Ethernet includes 10GBASE-X, 10GBASE-R, and 10GBASE-W. The 10GBASE-X uses a very compact packaging that includes 1 simpler WDM device, 4 receivers, and 4 lasers operating at approximately 25nm intervals near the 1300nm wavelength. Each pair of transmitters/receivers operates at a speed of 3.125Gbit/s (data stream speed of 2.5Gbit/s). 10GBASE-R is a serial interface that uses 64B/66B encoding (not the 8B/10B used in Gigabit Ethernet), with a data stream of 10.000Gbit/s, resulting in a clock rate of 10.3Gbit/s. 10GBASE-W is a wide area network interface compatible with SONET OC-192, with a clock of 9.953Gbit/s and a data stream of 9.585Gbit/s.

1. 10G serial physical media layer

The transmission distance of 10GBASE-SR/SW varies from 2m to 300m according to wavelength. The transmission distance of 10GBASE-LR/LW is from 2m to 10km. The transmission distance of 10GBASE-ER/EW is from 2m to 40km.

2. PMD (Physical Media Related) sublayer

The function of the PMD sublayer is to support the exchange of serialized symbol code bits between the PMA sublayer and the medium. The PMD sublayer converts these electrical signals into a form suitable for transmission on a specific medium. PMD is the lowest sublayer of the physical layer, and the standard specifies that the physical layer is responsible for sending and receiving signals from the medium.

3. PMA (Physical Media Access) sublayer

The PMA sublayer provides a serialized service interface between PCS and PMD layers. The connection to the PCS sublayer is called the PMA service interface. In addition, the PMA sublayer also separates the symbol timing clock from the received bitstream for correct symbol alignment (delimitation) of the received data.

4. WIS (Wide Area Network Interface) sublayer

The WIS sublayer is an optional physical sublayer that can be used between PMA and PCS to generate Ethernet data streams that adapt to the SONET STS-192c transmission format defined by ANSI or the SDH VC-4-64c container rate defined by ITU. This rate data stream can be directly mapped to the transport layer without requiring high-level processing.

5. PCS (Physical Encoding) sublayer

The PCS sublayer is located between the coordination sublayer (through GMII) and the physical medium access layer (PMA) sublayer. The PCS sublayer maps the well-defined Ethernet MAC functions to the existing encoding and physical layer signal system functions. The interface between PCS sublayer and upper layer RS/MAC is provided by XGMII, and the PMA service interface is used with the lower layer PMA interface.

6. RS (coordination sublayer) and XGMII (10Gbit/s Media-independent interface)

The function of the coordination sub layer is to integrate XGM